Which rights pertain to the subsurface resources such as oil and gas?

Mineral rights specifically pertain to the ownership and control of subsurface resources, which include valuable commodities like oil, gas, coal, and precious metals. When a property is purchased, the seller may retain mineral rights, allowing them to extract and profit from these resources without owning the surface land. In real estate, it's important to distinguish between surface rights, which give a property owner control over the land and its surface usage, and mineral rights, which govern the extraction and use of subsurface resources.

The other choices refer to different types of rights that do not specifically relate to subsurface resources. Water rights are concerned with the legal permission to use water from a given source, agricultural rights pertain to the use of land for farming, and surface rights focus on the land above the ground. Therefore, mineral rights are the only option that directly relates to the extraction and usage of subsurface resources such as oil and gas.